Under Rule 3's Sections 1 and 2 the Rules of Court, only natural and juridical persons or entities authorized by law may be parties to a civil action, which must be prosecuted and defended by a real party-in-interest. A real party-in-interest is the person who stands benefitted or injured to the outcome of the case or is entitled to the avails of the suit. Moreover, under Section 4, Rule 8 of the Rules of Court, the facts showing the capacity of a party to sue or be sued or the authority of the party to sue or be sued in a representative capacity or the legal existence of an organized association of persons that is made a party
must be averred. (
Association of Flood Victims v. COMELEC).
