Non-licensees or non-holders of authority CANNOT recruit workers

Any recruitment activities to be undertaken by non-licensee or non-holder of contracts, or as in the present case, an agency with an expired license, shall be deemed illegal and punishable under Article 39 of the Labor Code of the Philippines. And illegal recruitment is deemed committed in large scale if committed against three or more persons individually or as a group. (People of the Phil. vs. Melissa Chua,G .R. No. 184058, March 10, 2010)

[A]ppellant was not a licensee or holder of authority to deploy workers abroad. By this fact alone, she is deemed to have engaged in illegal recruitment and the same was committed in large scale because it was carried out against the four complainants. (G.R. No. 158627, March 5, 2010)