Mandatory judicial notice

Judicial notice is a rule in the law of evidence that allows a fact to be introduced into evidence if the truth of that fact is so notorious or well known, or so authoritatively attested, that it cannot reasonably be doubted. This is done upon the request of the party seeking to rely on the fact at issue. Facts and materials admitted under judicial notice are accepted without being formally introduced by a witness or other rule of evidence, and they are even admitted if one party wishes to lead evidence to the contrary. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_notice

[1] Existence and territorial extent of states;
[2] The political history  of states;
[3] The forms of government  of states;
[4] The symbols of nationality of states;
[3] The law of nations;
[4] Admiralty and maritime courts of the world and their seals;
[5] Political constitution and history of the Philippines;
[6] Official acts of the Legislative Department of the Philippines;
[7] Official acts of the Executive Department of the Philippines;
[8] Official acts of the Judicial Department of the Philippines;
[9] Laws of nature;
[10] Measure of time; and
[11] Geographical divisions.

Read Section 1 of Rule 129 of the Rules of Court.